Analysis Of The Book The Noble Lie - 997 Words

The thought that Sissela Bok about the â€Å"whole truth† being attained is that it is impossible that it can be attained. She believes that people are lying deceived everyone, and sometime is used to protect the person. She also thinks that people that are lying is more important than anything in all of the decision that a simple lie brings. I believe she doesn’t have any faith that everyone could tell the truth. The truth is something that is hard to say, and people at times need to lie to protect their love ones. In the beginning of the chapter of â€Å"The Noble Lie† she explains how there are different lies. She explains how the lies have different reasons to for people doing it. For some of those reasons it is impossible to be completely truth. Some have to lie to protect others, and cover up the secrets that can be told. There are plenty reasons that there are to lie to people. She states, â€Å"The lies are often seen as necessary merely at one stage in the education of the public.† (Bok 166) This is something that everyone does growing up, and no one in one time of their life cannot lie to anyone. The view of rejecting all lies that Sissela Bok has is endanger and is something that could affect your soul. She explains on page 33 how religion is someone that rejects that thought of lying. It is forbidden by our super natural because it affects our soul. St Augustine someone that believed that lies was justified. But that god never believed that they it was good,Show MoreRelatedThe Noble Lie Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesThe Noble Lie In Blooms second edition of The Republic of Plato, there are many troubling issues. The one that strikes me the most, however, is the idea of the noble lie. I find this completely disturbing for a number of reasons. It is immoral and wrong to deliberately deceive someone. This idea also completely contradicts Socrates argument that it is beneficial to be just. In the discussion between Socrates and Glaucon that involved how to create an ideal city, they divided the peopleRead MoreEssay Analysis of Lies in Huck Finn1742 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Lies in Huckleberry Finn That book was made by Mr. Mark Twain, and he told the truth, mainly. There was things which he stretched, but mainly he told the truth (1). Those are among the first lines in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, so its obvious from the very beginning that the truth, or lack thereof, is a major theme in the book. Huckleberry Finn is a liar throughout the whole novel but unlike other characters, his lies seem justified and moral to the reader because theyRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Elizabeth Proctor from The Crucible by Arthur Miller700 Words   |  3 Pages Character Analysis of Elizabeth Proctor from The Crucible by Arthur Miller In the late sixteen hundreds, the fear of witchcraft was a major concern amongst New Englanders. Arthur Miller’s book, The Crucible, tells the story of a town’s obsession with accusing innocent people of witchcraft. All the accusers were young females who claimed they were attacked by demonic specters. Members of the community supposedly sent out these evil spirits, but in reality, the girls were doing itRead MoreRevenge By William Shakespeare s Hamlet882 Words   |  4 Pagesthe character’s phrasing. The best example of intense suspense in Hamlet from this book follows; I find you ready, And if you were duller than the fat weed That rots itself in ease on the river bank, You wouldn’t move on this. Now, Hamlet, listen. The story goes that, sleeping in my orchard, A serpent bit me. So the whole country of Denmark Is extremely abused by a lie about the Process of my death, but know, you noble youth, The serpent that poisoned and took your father s life Now wears his crownRead MorePlato s The Republic Socratic Dialogue And Tsugmi Ohba And Takeshi Obata Death Note1769 Words   |  8 Pagesthemes/ideas being compared. E.g. Justice (and the idea) and the noble lie(and idea) †¢ State the key features each author uses to convey to the reader (in similar/different ways) †¢ How as a result of these features, the perspective of the reader is formed. Throughout Plato’s The Republic a Socratic dialogue and Tsugmi Ohba and Takeshi Obata Death Note a psychological/thriller, the issues of what constitutes as justice and the implications of noble lie are heavily debated between the characters and within theirRead MorePhilosophers of Eastern Religions Essay1426 Words   |  6 Pagessuffering. His teachings apply not only to monks but also to all laypeople or common people who do not give up all material things like monks. (Carmody) The five precepts of sila [ethics] are simple and negative: not to kill, not to steal, not to lie, not to commit unchastity, and not to take intoxicants (41-42). The idea of unchastity is the most complex. Monks take a vow of celibacy but for the laypeople, they do not understand that impure thoughts cause bad karma. (Carmody) The greatest impurityRead MoreThe relation of form to content in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1097 Words   |  4 Pagesanything more to say. With this in mind, the reader is prepared to open the book without fear of unpalatable verbiage or extrinsic conversation. However, before the tale begins, Twain provides a self-aware semantic distinction of sorts. This â€Å"Explanatory† section immediately captures the reader’s attention and alerts him to the significance of diction and linguistic expression within this novel: EXPLANATORY In this book a number of dialects are used, to wit: the Missouri negro dialect; the extremestRead MoreOthello Scene Analysis1682 Words   |  7 Pagesafter Iago who just killed his wife Emilia, but instead the police officer shoots and kills Othello. The killing of Othello by the police was a way to call out police violence and how the police do not necessarily do the right thing. Character Analysis I do not identify as an actor at all, but I was chosen to do so, so I really had no other choice. The character I play is Desdemona. She is a loyal wife to Othello, even to the point where she betrays her own father for him; however, like most menRead MoreLord Jim : Search For Self - Illusion / Reality1515 Words   |  7 Pagesreality. In Lord Jim, the protagonist of the novel is the victim of his own inner conflict. He dreams of heroic actions but when the call comes for it, he retreats. Joseph Conrad skillfully dramatizes in this novel man’s fondness for lofty ideals, noble aspirations and high ambitions and his crumbling to pieces when confronted with reality. He shows how man lives at least on the plane of imagination in a world of idealism but when the moment of translating any idea into practice comes, something withinRead MoreHamartia in Oedipus Rex and Death of a Salesman834 Words   |  3 Pagescontinual blindness, Willy’s hamartia is also the main cause of his downfall, where in his case, leads to his death. Through further analysis of both Oedipus Rex and Willy Loman’s tragic flaws, along with literary criticism from Aristotle’s poetics, their hamartia, which ultimately leads them to their downfalls, will be justified. Oedipus is a suitable king, and very noble to his people. He is a man of great honour and integrity. He is looked upon by his people as a god, and is honoured as a rescuer

Symbolism in the Awakening by Kate Chopin - 1367 Words

Symbolism in The Awakening by Kate Chopin The Awakening by Kate Chopin is a novel full of symbolism which reveals much of the deeper meaning in the story. Within each narrative segment there is often a symbol that helps to add meaning to the text, and the understanding of these symbols is essential to a full appreciation of the story. These symbolic elements help the reader to make a connection between Edna’s world and her eventual awakening. Throughout the novel there are a huge number of symbols but three of the most meaningful symbols used are birds, houses and the ocean. Birds often represent freedom and the ability to fly but are also symbols for something that goes one step further. Several kinds of birds appear throughout†¦show more content†¦The mother-women on Grand Isle could be a clear example of this idea, they are represented as birds in this sentence: It was easy to know them, fluttering about with extended, protecting wings when any harm, real or imaginary, threatened their precious brood (page 19). Edna is not one of these mother-women because she doesn’t give her life neither for her husband nor for her children, and that sets her apart. Related to birds there is another symbol, the flight, which acts as a stand for awakening. This symbolic theme appears constantly throughout the novel. We can see that Edna escapes her life, her children and her husband following her own believes of freedom. In this fragment we can see that Mademoiselle Reisz guides Edna through her awakening, but she cannot help her forever: she put her arms around me and felt my shoulder blades, to see if my wings were strong. ‘The bird that would soar above the level plain of tradition and prejudice must have strong wings. It is a sad spectacle to see the weaklings bruised, exhausted, fluttering back to earth’† (page 217). In other words, she says that she has to be brave in order to defy society. The final symbol related to birds occurs on Grand Isle when Edna comes back to the place of her awakening in order to die. All along the white beach, up and down, there was no living thing in sight. A bird with a broken wing was beating the air above, reeling, fluttering,Show MoreRelated The Transformation of Edna Pontellier in The Awakening Essay950 Words   |  4 Pagesshe did not know what† (Chopin). In Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, the reader is introduced to Edna Pontellier, a passionate, rebellious woman. Throughout the novel, it becomes apparent how unsettled Edna feels about her life. The reader can identify this by her thoughts, desires, and actions, which are highly inappropriate for an affluent woman of the time. In the novel, Edna has an awakening and finds the courage to make the changes she sees necessary. Kate Chopin is able to make qualityRead More Essay on The Awakening712 Words   |  3 Pagesof The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin, is full of ideas and understanding about human nature. In Chopins time, writing a story with such great attention to sensual details in both men and women caused skepticism among readers and critics. However, many critics have different views with deeper thought given to The Awakening. Symbolism, the interpretation of Ednas suicide, and awakenings play important roles in the analysis of all critics.    Symbolism in TheRead MoreSymbolism In The Awakening1420 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzing Chopin’s use of symbolism in â€Å"The Awakening† What would one expect to be the personality of a woman, who was raised in a family of no man dominance in the year of 1800? Kate Chopin was born in Missouri, in 1850 and was one of the five children. At very young age, Kate lost her both sisters and her brother. At age of five, Kate was sent to a Catholic school. Not long after leaving her home, Chopin loses her father. Kate is being sent home from school to live with her mother, grandmotherRead More Symbolism in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay1467 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism in Kate Chopins The Awakening Chopins The Awakening is full of symbolism.   Rather than hit the reader on the head with blunt literalism, Chopin uses symbols to relay subtle ideas.   Within each narrative segment, Chopin provides a symbol that the reader must fully understand in order to appreciate the novel as a whole.   I will attempt to dissect some of the major symbols and give possible explanations as to their importance within the text.   Art itself is a symbol of both freedomRead More The Importance of the Sea in The Awakening Essay830 Words   |  4 Pagesof the Sea in The Awakening      Ã‚   Throughout her novel, The Awakening, Kate Chopin uses symbolism and imagery to portray the main characters emergence into a state of spiritual awareness. The image that appears the most throughout the novel is that of the sea. â€Å"Chopin uses the sea to symbolize freedom, freedom from others and freedom to be ones self† (Martin 58). The protagonist, Edna Pontellier, wants that freedom, and with images of the sea, Chopin shows Ednas awakening desire to be freeRead MoreAnalysis Of Edna Pontelliers The Awakening1596 Words   |  7 Pagesa path of discovery that allowed her to find herself by being independent of her husband and of society. In The Awakening by Kate Chopin, Edna Pontellier expresses a woman who refuses to bow down to societal expectations, rather freeing herself from those chains and becoming the embodiment of her true identity. Chopin is able to illustrate this theme through an exquisite use of symbolism, sensory imagery, and juxtaposition. The sea is a primary symbol of freedom throughout the text and thereforeRead MoreViews on Sex and Marriage Depicted in Kate Chopins The Storm1321 Words   |  6 Pagesthe sexual passion that is encountered throughout the story. Kate Chopin opens up an interesting view and tentative explanation of human sexuality and the strong point of view of regulations placed on human sexuality as well as the aspect of trying to control a storm. By tying up these two ideas with one word, Kate Chopin was able to provide a view that would symbolize the premise of desires through variations of the storm. Kate Chopin was born on February 8, 1851, into a wealthy Catholic familyRead MoreA Solitary Soul By Kate Chopin1995 Words   |  8 PagesOn April 22nd, 1899, Herbert S. Stone Company published a novel written by female Author, Kate Chopin. According to Chopin’s official website published by the Kate Chopin International Society in which biographers and editors detail information of the authors life, works, and commonly asked questions, Chopin was 49 years old at the time that The Awakening was published. This novel was originally titled A Solitary Soul, but was changed just prior to publication. Though today this novel is heavilyRead More The Symbolic Role of Birds in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay719 Words   |  3 PagesThe Symbolic Role of Birds in Kate Chopins The Awakening The Awakening by Kate Chopin is a truly enlightening novel about a young woman who begins to really live her life for herself, breaking out of the various barriers of society and family. Chopin uses symbolism as an excellent tool to slip her ideas to readers, causing them to think, giving readers a glimpse into the life of this young woman at a time when women were harnessed by many restraints. The birds that appear throughoutRead More The Awakening Essay1091 Words   |  5 Pagesinclude things in the book that cannot be exhibited in a movie. For this reason, the reader of the book is much more effected than the viewer of the film. In the novella, The Awakening, by Kate Chopin, there is much more evidence of symbolism as well as deeper meaning than in the movie version of the book, Grand Isle. Chopin conveys her symbolic messages through the main character’s newly acquired ability to swim, through the birds, through sleep, and through images of the moon. amp;#9;Edna Pontellier

How to Continue your Research with a PhD Free Essays

So, you’ve handed in your dissertation, and all has gone well. You’re on track to get a good grade, and are interested in taking things further. This guide looks at how to continue your research with a PhD, from deciding whether a PhD is really right for you to the process of applying to start one. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Continue your Research with a PhD? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Is a PhD right for you? You need to be very certain that doing a PhD is the right step for you to take, as the road is long and arduous, and often lonely. Be very honest about your motivations. Ask yourself: what am I hoping to get from doing a PhDAre there other options which are possible for meAm I really sure what doing a PhD will involveAm I thinking about this because I don’t want to do something else (for example, not wanting to get a job, or not sure what career path to take). Talk to other people who have done, or who are doing, a PhD. What are the negatives, the positivesAre there any things they didn’t expect Remember the time frames: a typical PhD in the UK takes 3-4 years full time, 5-7 years part time. You need to be very motivated and able to work under your own direction. You also need to be really interested in the area you plan to research. If you enjoyed the element of independent research during your dissertation, you might well be right for a PhD If you want to go into academia you will probably need a PhD. What Skills do I need to do a PhD? To a large extent, the skills you need for doing a PhD are the skills you needed to complete your dissertation. But make sure you are adept at the following: Critical thinking – the ability to analyse and critique the evidence. It’s no longer enough to describe and organise. Communication, presentation and writing – you will be spending a lot of time preparing information for other people. By the end of your PhD you will be able to produce work of a publishable quality, and communicate with different audiences (primarily in writing, but also in person) Planning and management – conducting your research is rather like managing a small office. You need to know how to plan, how to delegate, how to deal with people. You need to be able to plan and manage both at the micro and the macro level. Networking – although much of the time you spend writing your PhD will be time spent alone, you also need to get on well with people in order to get feedback, make contacts, initiate new projects. Initiative – you need to be able to think for yourself How to Apply for a PhD Unlike applying for an undergraduate course, there is no single application point for PhDs. Rather you need to apply directly to the university you are interested in It pays to do your research at this stage – don’t assume that you should stay at the university you did your master’s degree at. You should consider narrowing down your search to a few universities who do work in your area of interest, and then ask to visit to discuss your ideas with them. You can find a lot of useful information on university websites regarding staff interests. Funding your PhD You do need to consider the financial aspect. While funding exists for PhDs, many research students are self-funded. In this case, unless you are independently wealthy, part-time study might be the best option for you. You will also find funding opportunities advertised online on university websites, as well as in specialist publications. Some advertised PhD studentships come with funding, so if you succeed in your application to such a studentship (and if you are eligible) you will also get funding Bibliography Prospects.ac.uk (2013) ‘Postgraduate qualifications: PhDs’, [online] (cited 5th March 2013) available from http://www.prospects.ac.uk/postgraduate_qualifications_doctorates.htm University of Bristol (2013) ‘Aims, Objectives and Guidelines for PhD students’, [online] (cited 5th March 2013) available from http://www.cs.bris.ac.uk/Teaching/learning/phd-guidelines.html University of Edinburgh (2013) ‘Moving on to a PhD’, [online] (cited 5th March 2013) available from http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/careers/postgrad/research-masters/moving-onto-phd How to cite How to Continue your Research with a PhD?, Essays

Legality Of Abortion Essays (2801 words) - , Term Papers

Legality Of Abortion Abortion must be a legal and attainable procedure for women throughout the United States. Abortion is a subject which easily fits into the themes of CORE 1. Abortion pertains to many issues which are involved in CORE 1. CORE 1 analyzes civil rights as well as equal treatment for women in America. Abortion challenges the civil rights of the mother and the fetus which she bears. To deny abortion is denying the mother certain civil rights, but if the fetus is considered a person, then the rights of the fetus are being denied by allowing abortion to be legal. Abortion has been an element of human life for centuries. It dates back to BC times. Ancient abortions usually consisted of mildly poisoning a pregnant mother. The poison was hoped to be just strong enough to kill the fetus, yet mild enough to keep the woman alive. Also, sometimes women would receive physical blows to their abdomen an effort to kill the fetus. Since both of these methods were very dangerous for women, infanticide was a much more popular form of abortion. Infanticide is grossly just the killing of the baby directly after birth (3 Gilbert). J. Gilbert, the author of an informative Texas state web-page, states that some time after 1750, a new procedure was introduced to abortion. The new procedure consisted of probing objects through the cervix and into the uterus of the women to accomplish the abortion (4 Gilbert). Laurence Tribe, author of Abortion: The Clash of Absolutes, states that the court case Roe v. Wade revolutionized the legality of abortion. The case set bou ndaries and regulations illustrating how much power the mother and state possess in deciding whether to abort a pregnancy (12 Tribe). During the past twenty-five years abortion has become one of the most debated controversies in the Unite States' history. The issues surrounding abortion strike questions based on ethics, morals, emotions, and law. There are many alternative perspectives from which people can approach the legality and morality of abortion. But basically there are pro-life people and pro-choice people. People who are pro-choice believe that women hold the right to abort a pregnancy, but people who are pro-life believe that abortion is wrong and unjust to the fetus. When pondering issues surrounding abortion, many questions come to mind. Is a fetus a human being? Is abortion physically and mentally safe for women? And finally, should abortion be legal? It is only after exploring these questions can a person justify their position on abortion. A major question which strikes at the heart of abortion legality and morality is: When is an embryo considered a life or human being? Many people argue that life begins at the point of conception. Bonnie Steinbock, an author who considers herself an expert on fetuses and their legal rights, says, Conception is the joining of the male and female sex cells which have twenty-three chromosomes each. The process of conception takes twelve hours, at which time the egg is completely fertilized and becomes known as a zygote. Distinct and unique characteristics of a person are determined at the time of conception. After the time of conception, until death, nothing will be added or removed from the genetic make-up of an individual (200 Steinbock). In other words, everything physically and chemically is determined shortly after the point of conception. Being alive means that an object grows, develops, and matures. A zygote, from the time of conception grows, develops parts of its body, and replaces its own dying cells. The heart of the zygote begins beating just eighteen days after conception (198 Steinbock). This is often well before the mother even realizes that she is pregnant. After three months, all of the fetus's organs are formed and all of the bodily systems are working. The fetus can swim, grasp a pointer, move freely in the womb, and excrete urine. If a doctor injects a sweet solution into the fluid surrounding the fetus, the fetus will swallow it because it likes the taste. If a bitter solution is injected, the fetus will realize the taste and quit swallowing (196 Steinbock). The previous examples are evidence enough that life begins at conception, or at the time the fetus's

Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Venice essays

Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Venice essays Titians Pesaro and Assunta. Altarpieces in the church of the Frari, Venice. What was the importance of these two altarpieces for the development of painting in Venice, both from a stylistic and iconographic point of view? It has been said that Titians Assunta, which adorns the high altar, and Pesaro (on the left aisle of the chapel of the Immaculate Conception) stand mid-way between the past and the future of Venetian painting. This infers that Titian drew on established traditions learnt from his masters Bellini and Giorgione, and imbued his works with a freshness and inspiration not seen before. Furthermore, it becomes apparent that his sensitive construction of the works considering the authority of his patrons facilitate a depth of interpretation which highlight both the sacred and civic concerns of the time. To illustrate Titians progressive role in Venetian art history, I will draw on Renaissance documentation, and contemporary research that notes the stylistic and iconographic elements of these altarpieces. In 1568 the Florentine chronicler Vasari wrote of Titian, Titian...who has adorned with great pictures the City of Venice...deserves the love and respect of all craftsmen, who ought to admire and imitate him in many things. For he is a painter who has produced...work which...will live as long as the memory of illustrious men endures . This is a useful starting point for such an investigation: this representation is valid, since Vasari had met and spoken to him while writing the book, and being a Florentine he wasnt so susceptible to employing the Venetian rhetoric which could tend to be biased The contemporary chronicler Ludovico Dolce recorded the shock and criticism the Assunta attracted when it was first unveiled. Such controversy points to its radicalism and supports assertions that it was influential for developing artists: For all [the panels gr...

Definition of Literacy Test

Definition of Literacy Test   A literacy test measures a person’s proficiency in reading and writing. Beginning in the 19th century, literacy tests were used in the voter registration process in southern states of the U.S. with the intent to disenfranchise black voters. In 1917, with the passing of the Immigration Act, literacy tests were also included in the U.S. immigration process, and are still used today. Historically, literacy tests have served to legitimize racial and ethnic marginalization in the U.S. HISTORY OF RECONSTRUCTION AND JIM CROW ERA Literacy tests were introduced into the voting process in the South with the Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow laws were state and local laws and statutes enacted by southern and border states in the late 1870s to deny African Americans the right to vote in the South following Reconstruction (1865-1877). They were designed to keep whites and blacks segregated, to disenfranchise black voters, and to keep blacks subjugated, undermining the 14th and 15th Amendments of the United States Constitution. Despite the ratification of the 14th Amendment in 1868, granting citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States which included former slaves, and the ratification of the 15th Amendment in 1870, which specifically gave African Americans the right to vote, Southern and Border states continued to find ways to keep racial minorities from voting. They used electoral fraud and violence to intimidate African American voters, and created Jim Crow laws to promote racial segregation. During the twenty years following Reconstruction, African Americans lost many of the legal rights that had been gained during Reconstruction. Even the Supreme Court of the United States â€Å"helped undermine the Constitutional protections of blacks with the infamous Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) case, which legitimized Jim Crow laws and the Jim Crow way of life.† In this case, the Supreme Court maintained that public facilities for blacks and whites could be â€Å"separate but equal.† Following this decision, it soon became the law throughout the South that public facilities had to be separate. Many of the changes made during Reconstruction proved to be short-lived, with the Supreme Court continuing to uphold racial discrimination and segregation in its decisions, thus giving southern states free reign to impose literacy tests and all manner of voting restrictions on prospective voters, discriminating against black voters. But racism was not just recurring in the South. Although the Jim Crow Laws were a Southern phenomenon, the sentiment behind them was a national one. There was a resurgence of racism in the North as well and â€Å" emerging national, indeed international, consensus (among whites at any rate) that Reconstruction had been a serious mistake. LITERACY TESTS AND VOTING RIGHTS Some states, such as Connecticut, used literacy tests in the mid-1800s to keep Irish immigrants from voting, but Southern states didn’t use literacy tests until after Reconstruction in 1890, sanctioned by the federal government, where they were used well into the 1960s. They were used ostensibly to test the voters ability to read and write, but in reality to discriminate against African American voters and sometimes poor whites. Since 40-60% of blacks were illiterate, compared to 8-18% of whites, these tests had a large differential racial impact. Southern states also imposed other standards, all of which were arbitrarily set by the test administrator. Those who were property owners or whose grandfathers had been able to vote   (â€Å"grandfather clause†),   those deemed to have â€Å"good character,† or those who paid poll taxes were able to vote. Because of these impossible standards, â€Å"in 1896, Louisiana had 130,334 registered black voters. Eight years later, only 1,342, 1 percent, could pass the state’s new rules.†Ã‚  Even in areas where the black population was substantially greater, these standards kept the white voting population in the majority. The administration of literacy tests was unfair and discriminatory. â€Å"If the official wanted a person to pass, he could ask the easiest question on the test- for example, Who is the president of the United States?† The same official might require a black person to answer every single question correctly, in an unrealistic amount of time, in order to pass.†Ã‚  It was up to the test administrator whether the prospective voter passed or failed, and even if a black man was well-educated, he would most likely fail, because â€Å"the test was created with failure as a goal.† Even if a potential black voter knew all the answers to the questions, the official administering the test could still fail him. Literacy tests were not declared unconstitutional in the South until ninety-five years after the15th Amendment was ratified, by the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Five years later, in 1970, Congress abolished literacy tests and discriminatory voting practices nationwide, and as a result, the number of registered African American voters increased dramatically. ACTUAL LITERACY TESTS In 2014 a group of Harvard University students was asked to take the 1964 Louisiana Literacy Test to raise awareness about voting discrimination.   The test is similar to those given in other Southern states since Reconstruction to potential voters who could not prove they had a fifth grade education. In order to be able to vote, a person had to pass all 30 questions in 10 minutes. All of the students failed under those conditions, because the test was meant to be failed. The questions have nothing at all to do with the U.S. Constitution and are completely nonsensical. You can try the test yourself here.    LITERACY TESTS AND IMMIGRATION In the late 19th century many people wanted to restrict the influx of immigrants to the U.S. due to increased problems of urbanization and industrialization such as crowding, lack of housing and jobs, and urban squalor. It was during this time that the idea of using literacy tests to control the number of immigrants able to enter the United States, particularly those from southern and eastern Europe, was formed. However, it took those who advocated for this approach many years to try to convince lawmakers and others that immigrants were the â€Å"cause† of many of America’s social and economic maladies. Finally, in 1917, Congress passed the Immigration Act, also known as the Literacy Act (and Asiatic Barred Zone Act), which included a literacy test that is still a requirement for becoming a U.S. citizen today. The Immigration Act demanded that those who were over the age of 16 and could read some language must read 30-40 words to show they were capable of reading. Those who were entering the U.S. to avoid religious persecution from their country of origin did not have to pass this test. The literacy test that is part of the Immigration Act of 1917 included only a few languages available to immigrants. This meant that if their native language was not included, they could not prove they were literate, and were denied entry. Beginning in 1950, immigrants could legally only take the literacy test in English, further limiting those who could gain entry to the United States. Besides demonstrating the ability to read, write, and speak English, immigrants also have to display knowledge of U.S. history, government, and civics. English literacy tests have effectively been used in the U.S. as a means to keep immigrants   that the government deemed unwanted out of the country, for the tests are demanding and rigorous.   Would you be able to pass them? REFERENCES 1.Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, Ferris State University, 2.Foner, Eric., The Supreme Court and the History of Reconstruction and Vice-VersaColumbia Law Review, November 2012, 1585-1606ericfoner.com/articles/SupCtRec.html 3.4. Techniques of Direct Disenfranchisement 1880-1965,   University of Michigan, umich.edu/~lawrace/disenfranchise1.htm 4. Constitutional Rights Foundation, A Brief History of Jim Crow, crf-usa.org/black-history-month/a-brief-history-of-jim-crow 5. The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, PBS, pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/voting_literacy.html 6. Ibid. 7. http://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations/AAI8708749/ RESOURCES AND FURTHER READING Alabama Literacy Test, 1965, pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/voting_literacy.html Constitutional Rights Foundation, A Brief History of Jim Crow, crf-usa.org/black-history-month/a-brief-history-of-jim-crow Foner, Eric, The Supreme Court and the History of Reconstruction and Vice-Versa Columbia Law Review, November 2012, 1585-1606ericfoner.com/articles/SupCtRec.html Head, Tom, 10 Racist US Supreme Court Rulings, ThoughtCo., March 03, 2017, https://www.thoughtco.com/racist-supreme-court-rulings-721615 Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, Ferris State University, ferris.edu/jimcrow/what.htm Onion, Rebecca, Take the Impossible â€Å"Literacy† Test Louisiana Gave Black Voters in the 1960s, slate.com/blogs/the_vault/2013/06/28/voting_rights_and_the_supreme_court_the_impossible_literacy_test_louisiana.html PBS, The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/voting_literacy.html Schwartz, Jeff, CORE’s Freedom Summer, 1964 - My Experiences in Louisiana, crmvet.org/nars/schwartz.htm Weisberger, Mindy, Immigration Act of 1917 Turns 100: Americas Long History of Immigration Prejudice, LiveScience, Feb. 5, 2017, livescience.com/57756-1917-immigration-act-100th-anniversary.html

Psychology of Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Psychology of Violence - Essay Example Though the article does not state Mr Clementi suffered from bullying, humiliation and invasion of privacy as a sex offense, Mr Ravi delegitimized him by taking all levels of privacy out of his hands. It is considered a sex offense because he broke the solitude Mr Clementi was after, by having the room until midnight, the intimacy of having a sexual relationship with anonymity and the reserve to decide under what terms. These four types of privacy were established by Mr Westin.(DeCew) As the police had already established that Mr Ravi had been bullying Mr Clementi since August, he will be tried for a bias crime. Behavioral Psychology is a theory that all behaviors are gained through conditioning: classical & operant. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Classical conditioning have two elements, the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. Operant Conditioning is the association between the behaviour and the consequence for that behaviour. From this conditioning, the learning theory was developed. Negative behaviour can be eliminated by taking away the benefit. A persons behaviour is learned by the consequences which can be external forces. His conscious is changed by the rewards he receives. Mr Ravi is an insecure young man as a new student; as psychologically needing to break his roommate; and who needs to make a place for himself in the dormitory. His name is Indian, so he has suffered prejudices for half of his life in the US. . He might also be questioning his own sexuality which could be common but not part of his own culture. Did he bully Mr Clementi because of his sexual orientation; or would he have done so to any roommate? The questions is his satisfaction in wanting to torture another individual. In putting the streaming of his encounter on the internet, was he showing his jealousy in Mr Clementis ability to perform on stage. Both acts represent the most